Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Brief Case Report

Ureteral Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue, Chronic Inflammation, and Renal Artery Atherosclerosis: Hojung Lee, Jong Eun Joo, Young Ok Hong, Won Mi Lee, Eun Kyung Kim, Jeong Joo Woo, Soo Jung Gong, Jooryung Huh; J Pathol Transl Med. 2015;49(4):339-342. Published online June 1, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.04.28

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Case Study

Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosacoma of Uterus: A Case Study: Dae Woon Kim, Jung Hwan Shin, Ho Jung Lee, Young Ok Hong, Jong Eun Joo, Eun Kyung Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(4):388-391. Published online August 26, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.4.388

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Uterine rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) typically presents as a mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. Pure RMSs of the female genital tract are uncommon. Spindle cell variant of RMS is a rare morphologic subtype of embryonal RMS and mostly occurs in the paratesticular region of children. Here, we present a case of uterine spindle cell RMS in a 76-year-old woman. The tumor, 20×15×7 cm in size, was highly necrotic and adherent to the colon and rectum. Tumor cells were mostly spindle-shaped, and isolated rhabdomyoblasts were scattered. Immunohistochemical stains for myoglobin and myo-D1 showed diffuse positivity for tumor cells. The patient died only of disease three months after diagnosis.

Citations

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Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine corpus: a clinicopathological and molecular analysis of 21 cases highlighting a frequent association with DICER1 mutations
Jennifer A. Bennett, Zehra Ordulu, Robert H. Young, Andre Pinto, Koen Van de Vijver, Eike Burandt, Pankhuri Wanjari, Rajeev Shah, Leanne de Kock, William D. Foulkes, W. Glenn McCluggage, Lauren L. Ritterhouse, Esther Oliva
Modern Pathology.2021; 34(9): 1750. CrossRef
Vaginal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in young woman: A case report and literature review
Lalya Issam, Laatitioui Sana, Essadi Ismail, El Omrani Abdelhamid, Khouchani Mouna
Archives of Cancer Science and Therapy.2020; 4(1): 034. CrossRef
Is fertility-preservation safe for adult non-metastatic gynecologic rhabdomyosarcoma patients? Systematic review and pooled survival analysis of 137 patients
Maha AT Elsebaie, Zeinab Elsayed
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.2018; 297(3): 559. CrossRef
Spindle cell sarcoma – a rare diagnosis
SK Kathpalia, Manju Mehrotra, Pinky Jena, Archana H Deshpande
Women's Health.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Malignant mesenchymal tumors of the uterus – time to advocate a genetic classification
Birgit Rommel, Carsten Holzmann, Jörn Bullerdiek
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2016; 16(11): 1155. CrossRef
Human rhabdomyosarcoma cells express functional pituitary and gonadal sex hormone receptors: Therapeutic implications
AGATA PONIEWIERSKA-BARAN, GABRIELA SCHNEIDER, WENYUE SUN, AHMED ABDELBASET-ISMAIL, FREDERIC G. BARR, MARIUSZ Z. RATAJCZAK
International Journal of Oncology.2016; 48(5): 1815. CrossRef
Primary third ventricular tumor in an 18‐year‐old man
Tianping Yu, Mengni Zhang, Qiao Zhou, Jing Gong, Ling Nie, Xueqin Chen, Ni Chen
Neuropathology.2015; 35(6): 599. CrossRef
Rhabdomyosarcoma of vulva in a young lady
Tapesh Bhattacharyya, Firuza D. Patel, Radhika Srinivasan, Bhavana Rai, Pradeep Saha, R. Nijhawan
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2015; 11(3): 650. CrossRef
Uterine sarcoma in a 14year-old girl presenting with uterine rupture
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Gynecologic Oncology Reports.2014; 10: 44. CrossRef

Original Article

The Expression Pattern of Annexin A1 in Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma and Its Clinicopathologic Significance.: Hojung Lee, Seung Kyu Choi, Young Ok Hong, Won Mi Lee, Sook Kyung Ko, Eun Kyung Kim, Jong Eun Joo; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(1):62-68.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.1.62

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is known to be involved in the progression and differentiation of various tumors. However, its significance and role in bladder carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated. To determine the role ANXA1 plays in urothelial carcinoma (UC), we investigated the expression of ANXA1 protein in normal urothelial tissue, carcinoma in situ (CIS), and UC of the urinary bladder.
METHODS
Protein expression level of ANXA1 and its subcellular localization were analyzed in 88 cases of UCs and corresponding 24 normal tissues and 24 CISs by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS
ANXA1 was significantly down-regulated at all subcellular localization in CIS and in the cytoplasm and membrane of cells of UC, compared to normal tissues. No significant correlation between ANXA1 expression level and tumor depth (pT), growth pattern, and recurrence was found. However, cytoplasmic and membranous ANXA1 were significantly up-regulated in high grade than in low grade UC (p=0.02 in cytoplasm and p=0.03 in membrane).
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that ANXA1 dysregulation is involved in urothelial carcinogenesis and ANXA1 is potentially a marker for the pathologic differentiation of UC.

Case Reports

Enterobius vermicularis Ova in a Vaginal Smear.: Seung Kyu Choi, Eun Kyung Kim, Young Ok Hong, Ho Jung Lee, Won Mi Lee, Sook Kyung Ko, Jong Eun Joo; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(3):341-342.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.3.341

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Abstract PDF

Enterobius vermicularis is one of the most common parasites found in the intestine of humans. The gravid female worms migrate outside the anus to release eggs on the perianal skin. Rarely, they migrate to the genitourinary tract in female patients. We present a case in which pinworm eggs were found in a cervicovaginal smear of a 37-year-old woman. The eggs were elongated oval shaped and flattened on one side. The thick, double contoured birefringent shell stained bright yellow or orange. Some coarsely granular embryos or curved larvae were enclosed in the refractile shell. Empty eggs or wrinkled shells with clumped granular material were also present. Although pinworm eggs are easily identified because of their characteristic morphologic appearance, careful screening is needed due to the frequent masking by inflammatory cells.

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High case enterobiasis in school children and potential eggs distribution on the bed
Didik Sumanto, Sayono E, Wulandari Meikawati, Tri Dewi Kristini, Wahyu Handoyo, Aris Sugiharto
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Enterobius vermicularis larvae in urine sample of female student: The first case report in Indonesia
Didik Sumanto, Sayono Sayono, Puji Lestari Mudawamah
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Vaginal Enterobius vermicularis diagnosed on liquid‐based cytology during Papanicolaou test cervical cancer screening: A report of two cases and a review of the literature
Chun‐Yi Tsai, Rachel Junod, Martine Jacot‐Guillarmod, Charles Beniere, Sonia Ziadi, Massimo Bongiovanni
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2018; 46(2): 179. CrossRef
Recurrent paediatric pinworm infection of the vagina as a potential reservoir for Enterobius vermicularis
B. Kashyap, J.C. Samantray, S. Kumar, R. Jhamb, A.K. Singh, I.R. Kaur
Journal of Helminthology.2014; 88(3): 381. CrossRef

Metastatic Melanoma Mimicking a Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid in Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology: A Case Report.: Young Ok Hong, Jae Hee Suh, Hee Jeong Cha, Hye Jeong Choi, Young Min Kim; Korean J Cytopathol. 2007;18(2):161-164.

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Abstract PDF: Metastasis to the thyroid gland is very rare in clinical practice. We recently encountered a 65-year-old woman who presented with a large thyroid nodule that mimicked the cytologic features of a papillary thyroid carcinoma on fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Although initially diagnosed as a papillary thyroid carcinoma, a thorough clinical work-up revealed multiple lesions in the bones, liver, and nasal cavity, which were confirmed as metastases of a malignant melanoma. Despite a thorough physical examination, however, the primary skin lesion could not be identified. Although FNAB shows a high degree of accuracy in diagnosing primary thyroid tumors, it is less accurate in diagnosing metastases to the thyroid gland. A thorough clinical history with appropriate immunohistochemical staining assays is necessary for the accurate diagnosis of metastatic malignant melanoma.

Adenocarcinoma Arising from Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in Cervical Esophagus: A Case Report.: Young Ok Hong, Jeong Eun Hwang, In Chul Lee, Jin Hyuk Lee, Seung Il Park, Kyung Ja Cho; Korean J Pathol. 2008;42(1):33-36.

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Abstract PDF: Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) of the upper esophagus, referred as "cervical inlet patch (CIP)", is a benign lesion that is present in 3.8-10% of the adult population. Adenocarcinomas arising from HGM of the upper esophagus are exceedingly rare. The authors report one additional case of histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma arising from a CIP. The patient had concomitant primary adenocarcinoma of the colon. The right hemicolectomy specimen and total esophagectomy specimen after preoperative chemoradiotherapy showed histologically different adenocarcinomas. The residual esophageal tumor was characterized by large mucin pools, fibrous septa, and floating tumor cells. HGM of both the fundic and antral types was seen on the surface and sides of the tumor. The independent origins of the two cancers were confirmed by immunohistochemical studies for cytokeratins 7 and 20. Without further treatment, the patient remained free of disease after 29 months of follow-up.

Original Article

Clinicopathologic Analysis of Lymphocytic Gastritis.: Jeong Eun Hwang, Young Ok Hong, Dong Eun Song, Se Jin Jang, Eunsil Yu; Korean J Pathol. 2007;41(5):289-295.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Lymphocytic gastritis (LG) is defined as an infiltration of more than 25 intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) per 100 surface epithelial cells, and the histological differential diagnosis of LG and residual mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma can be difficult. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is regarded as one of the possible causes of LG, but its clinicopathologic features of LG have not been clarified in Korea, which has a much higher prevalence of H. pylori infection than Western countries. We analyzed the clinicopathologic findings of LG in Korean patients and compared the cytologic findings of IELs of LG with those of MALT lymphoma.
METHODS
Sixty six cases of LG and 59 cases of MALT lymphoma were selected and clinicopathologic features were analyzed.
RESULTS
Eighteen cases (27.3%) of LG were found to be associated with H. pylori infection. The IELs in LG were found to diffusely and regularly infiltrate in the epithelium, but MALT lymphoma showed patchy IELs. IELs in LG and MALT lymphoma were CD 8+T lymphocytes and CD20+B lymphocytes, respectively. The mean nuclear size of IELs in LG was 4.37 micrometer, which was significantly smaller than those in MALT lymphoma (5.19 micrometer).
CONCLUSION
LG, a rare variant of chronic gastritis is partly associated with H. pylori infection and more complex unknown causative factors. In addition to the immunophenotyping, the nuclear sizes of IELs can be helpful in the differential diagnosis of LG and residual MALT lymphoma.

Case Report

Nasal Chondromesenchymal Hamartoma: A Case Report.: Jun Kang, Young Ok Hong, Geung Hwan Ahn, Young Min Kim, Hee Jeong Cha, Hye Jeong Choi; Korean J Pathol. 2007;41(4):258-262.

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Abstract PDF: We report a case of nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma. A 14-year-old boy presented with a 5 cm sized mass in the left maxillary sinus, facial swelling and a loose tooth. A subtotal left maxillectomy with a bone graft was performed. The excised mass was composed of partly encapsulated, solid and cystic fragments of soft tissues. The mass contained chondroid and myxoid areas consisting of mesenchymal tissues including hyaline cartilage, osteoid and spindle cells in various proportions. The hyaline cartilage component was the most prominent. The spindle cell component had a fibrous matrix with variable myxoid or sclerotic changes. Thick hyalinized eosinophilic osteoid-like trabeculae were focally present. Immunohistochemically, all the mesenchymal cells tested positive for vimentin. The chondrocytes tested positive for the S-100 protein, and the spindle cell component showed focal immunoreactivity for smooth muscle actin and desmin. However, the cells were negative to pan-cytokeratin and p63.

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